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Poykayil Johannan
Poikayil SreekumaraGuruDevan (also called as Poikayil Yohannan ) (Eraviperoor, 17 February 1878 – 1939), known as Poykayil Appachan alias Poykayil Kumara Guru Devan, was a Dalit activist, poet and the founder of the socio-religious movement Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha ("God's Church of Visible Salvation").〔A. T. Philip ''The Mar Thoma Church and Kerala society'' 1991 "One of the outcome was the booklet entitled Poikayil Johannanum Veda vaipareethyavum (Poikayil Johannan and antitheology). Johannan is addressed as ' Appachan' by his followers."〕
==Early life==
Kumaran was born 17 February 1879, to parents Kandan and Lechi of the Paraiyar ("Pariah") community, at Eraviperoor, Pathanamthitta, India. He was named Komaran at his birth,〔(Prathyaksha Reksha Daiva Sabha )〕 born as a slave to a Syrian Christian family of the name Sankaramangalam. He was later renamed Kumaran. Being a slave to a Christian family, Kumaran had to follow Christianity and have a Christian name, and was called Johannan (Yohannan). He became literate and versed with Bible.
In that period, Dalit communities practiced untouchability among themselves. Recognising the commonalities among the Paraiyar, Pulayar (Cheramar) and Kuravar communities, Johannan sought to create a sense of unity among them. Johannan left the Sankaramangalam family, intent on organising the Christian Dalit communities.〔http://www.dalitindia.com/guest/RP_DConscious.htm Dalit Consciousness and its perspective on the basis of PRDS History in Kerala〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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